cyfj;jpy;g; gpwf;Fk; [PtuhrpfSf;Fr;
rpe;jpf;Fk; Mw;wy; cz;L. [Ptuhrpfspy; khdpld; gFj;jwpthfr; rpe;jpg;gtd;. kw;w [Ptuhrpfis tpl kdpjDf;Fs;
,U Fzhk;rq;fs; cz;L.
1. kdpjf; Fzk;
nfhz;l rpe;jidAk;. 2. kpUfk; Fzk;
nfhz;l rpe;jidAk; cilatd;. ,jd;
ntspg;ghL r%fr; #oiyg; nghWj;J ntsp
tUk;.
Fwpg;G:-
Gyp nfhy;tijf; Fwpf; Nfhshff; nfhz;l kpUfk; jd; Fl;bfisf;
$lf; nfhd;W jpd;Dk; kpUfk;.
Mz; rpq;fk; Nrhk;Ngwpahd
kpUfk;. czitf; $lg; ngz; rpq;fe;jhd;
Njbf; nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,jdhy;j; jhd; Mz;fs; jq;fisr;
rpq;fk; vd;W $WtJ toik.
,itfs;ahtw;iwAk; kpUfq;fis Ma;T nra;Ak; tpQ;Qhdk;
$Wfpd;wJ.
,d;W kdpj ehfupfk;
tsh;r;rpaile;Jk;> cyf ehLfs; kdpjj;ij Nerpf;Fk; ,f; fhyfl;lj;jpy;f; nfhiyfisg; ghh;j;J kfpo;r;rp
milfpd;Nwhk;. jkpoh;fshfpa ehq;fs; Gyk; ngah;e;j
ehl;by; ([dehafj;ijAk;> kdpjj;ijAk; Rthrpj;Jf; nfhz;L) ,Ue;J nfhz;Lk;
nfhiyfis Mjhpf;fpd;Nwhk; vd;why; ehk; ve;jf;
Fzhk;rj;ijr; rhu;e;jth;fs; vd;W ePq;fNs KbT
vLq;fs;.
r%fj;jpy;g; GiuNahba r%ff; FiwghLfisf; ifapy; vLj;jjhy;j; jhd; ehd; gaq;futhjp MNdd; vd;W `pl;yh;
$wpAs;shh;. r%fj;jpy; cs;s FiwghLfis mopj;Jg; Gjpa r%fj;ij
cUthf;Ftjw;Fr; r%fj;jpy; epyTk; kdpj r%fg;
nghUshjhu Vw;wj; jho;Tfisf; ifapy; vLj;J mjpy; ntw;wp
ngw;whh;fs;. ,J xU tsh;r;rpf;F (khw;wj;Jf;F) Kd; cjhuzkhFk;.
nyypd;
th;f;fg; Gul;rp %yk; gy Njrq;fisf;
nfhz;l Nrhtpaj; A+dpad; vd;w gy;
fyhr;rhuj;ijf; fl;b vOg;gpdhh;.
khX ghl;lhsp th;f;fg; Gul;rp %yk; rPdk; vd;w xUikg;ghl;ilAila rPdj; Njrpaj;ij cUthf;fpdhh;fs;.
fhe;jp
,e;jpahtpd; r%f Kuz;ghLfis mfpk;ir tspapy; mopg;gjw;F mr; r%f Kuz;ghLfisf;
ifapy; vLj;J ,e;jpaj; Njrpaj;ij cUthf;fpdhh;.
<o tpLjiy vd;W aho;
Nkyhjpf;f Nkl;Lf; Fbr; rpe;jid thjpfs;>
jkpoh;fspd; r%f Kuz;ghL vd;gJ (rhjp gpuNjt Kuz;ghLfis
-2-
kiwg;gjw;Fr; rpq;fs> K];yPk;
kf;fs; kPJ) ,dthjk; jhd; vd;W
$wp mij Kjd;ikg;gLj;jpj;
jhq;fs; gaq;futhjpahdJTk; my;yhky; KOj; jkpo;
NgRk; kf;fisAk; mbikahf;fpdhh;fs;.
,jw;F cjhuzkhf Nrhtpaj;jpy;
,Ue;J ve;j tpjkhfTk; ,uj;jk; rpe;jhky;g; gphpe;J nrd;w r%fq;fs; (ehLfs;) ,d;W ,uj;jk;
rpe;Jfpd;w Nghuhl;lj;ij elj;Jfpd;whh;fs;.
khw;wk;
vd;gJ xU tsh;r;rpapd; Nghf;F> gioa epiyapy; ,Ue;J khWjy;> md;iwa #oypy; ,Ue;J ,k; khw;wq;fisf; fzpg;gpl Ntz;L. Gul;rp ele;j ehLfspy;
md;W xU khWjy;fs;
Vw;gl;lJ. gpd;dh; mk; khw;wk; tsh;r;rpailatpy;iy.
Gul;rpf;F Kd;dh; ,Ue;j #oy; khjpup
Gul;rpf;Fg; gpd; ,Uf;ftpy;iy. vdNt Kjyhspj;Jtj;Jf;F xj;j khjpupahd xU rkhe;juf;
NfhL Gul;rp ehLfs; cUthf;fpaJ. md;
(epA+l;ld; tpjpfis
epidTgLj;jpg; ghUq;fs;.)
fpof;F ,yq;ifapy;f; fUzh
aho; Nkl;Lf; Fb Nkyhjpf;fj;Jf;F
(Gypfspd; gaq;futhjj;ij)
vjpu;f;f MAjj;jpd; %yk; nray;g; gl;lhYk;>
Njrpa Kjyhspj;Jtj;jpd; gf;fk; ,Ug;gjhff; fhl;bf; nfhz;lhYk; mth;fSila rfy nray;g;ghLfSk;
Kd;ida khjpupNa ,Uf;fpd;wJ. ,jdhy;
,th;fis khw;W murpay; ikak; vd;W
$wptpl KbahJ. ,th;fsplk; [dehafr; nray;g; ghLfSk; ,y;iy. gpd;dh; ,th;fisr; r%f murpay;r;
#oy; [dehaf thjpfshf khw;wpdhYk; Mr;rupag; glf; $baJ my;y.
N[. tp. gp Ak;> <. gp. b. gp. Ak; Kw;Nghf;Fj; Njrpa Kjyhspj;Jtj;Jld; ,ize;J [dehaf tspapy;r;
nray;g;gLtjhy; ,th;fis xU khw;Wf; fUj;J
murpay; ikakhff; $wKbAk;.
,jd; tsh;r;rp
njhluyhk;> njhluhkYk; Nghfyhk;. (jiyikfisg;
nghWj;jJ). vJTk;
Kbthd KbT my;y. xU Kbtpy;
,Ue;J Gjpait cUthFk;. jiyik> nray;g; ghL> jj;Jtk; Nghd;witfs; jhd; vg;gbahd khw;wk;
vd;gijj; jPh;khdpf;Fk;.
ele;J Kbe;jitfis itj;Jf;
nfhz;L vijAk; jPh;khdpf;ff; $lhJ> md;iwa #oiy itj;Jj;
jhd; jPh;khdpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. New;W vd;gJ New;W> ,d;W vd;gJ ,d;W>
ehis vd;gJ ehis ,J jhd;
-3-
tsh;r;rpg; Nghf;fhFk;.
New;Wk;> ,d;Wk; ehisAk; xNu khjpup
,Ue;jhy; khw;wKk; tsh;r;rpAk; ,y;iy.
ve;j xU ,d nkhop> rkak;> rhjp jd;idj; Njrpak; vd;W gpufldg;gLj;jpdhy; mq;F mopTfs; mjpfkhf
,Uf;Fk;. ,itfis ikag;gLj;Jk; NghJ jhd; gaq;futhjk; gpwf;fpd;wJ. ,jdhy;j; jq;fs; ,Ug;Gf;fis ,oe;j epiyapy;j; jhd; Nkw; $wg;gl;lj;
Njrpaj;ijf; filrp MAjkhf vLg;gjd; %yk; jq;fs; kdpjj;ijAk;
,oe;j gpd; gaq;futhjpahf khWfpd;whh;fs;. mg;NghJ jhd; mtd;
kj;jpapy; cwq;fpf;fple;j kpUff; Fzk; jiyJ}f;Ffpd;wJ. mtd; ,oe;j ,Ug;Gf;fis epiy epWj;j mLf;fLf;fff;
nfhiyfisr; nra;fpd;whd;. ,th;fs; kf;fis ek;Gtij
tpl MAjj;jpd; kPJ mjpf ehl;lk;
nfhz;l kd Nehahspfs; MFk;. mJ jhd; vkJ <og; Nghuhl;lkhFk;.
,th;fspd; MAjk; gyk; Fd;Wk; NghJ
mNj MAjj;jhy;f; nfhy;yg;gLthh;fs;. mjd;gpd; ,th;fis Mjupj;j rfyUk; (Clfq;fs; Kjy;f; nfhz;L) md;W ele;j rk;gtq;fis
(cz;ikfis) ntspapLk;. ,jd; Clhfj;
jq;fisr; rkhjhd thjpfshff; fhl;Lthh;fs;.
MAjk;
epiyaw;wJ. khdpld; jd;idg; ghJfhf;f MAjj;ijf; fz;L gpbj;jhd;. ,d;W MAjq;fisg; ghJfhf;fg; Gjpa Gjpa MAjq;fis kdpjh;fs;
fz;L gpbf;fpd;whh;fs;.
1970 k; Mz;L njhlf;fk; 1976 k; Mz;L tiuapy; aho;g;ghzj;J
kf;fs; ngw;w ed;ikfis xU juk;
rpe;jpj;jhy; cz;ik GhpAk;. (Njrpa Kjyhspj;Jt Kw;Nghf;fhd murpd; fhyk;) md;iwa
muR cw;gj;jpia CFf;tpg;gjw;F mg; nghUl;fis ,wf;Fkjp nra;tijj; jil nra;ag;gl;lJ. ,jdhy;g; gpd; aho;
Nkyhjpf;f kf;fspd; rpe;jid vg;gb ,Ue;jJ vd;gij xUjuk;
rpe;jpf;Fk; NghJ cq;fSf;Fg; gy cz;ikfs;
GhpAk;. ,f; fhyf; fl;lj;jpy; <og; Nghuhl;lk; ngupjhfj; njd;gltpy;iy.
,jw;fhf cw;gj;jp (mWtilf; fhyj;jpy;) nra;Ak; fhyq;fspy;f; fytuq;fis elj;jp tptrhapfSf;F el;lj;ij Vw;gLj;Jthh;fs;. ,jd; Clhf ,dthjj;ij tsh;g;ghh;fs;. (,uhZtj;jpd; kPJ gopiag; NghLth;fs;)
kPz;Lk; ,e;j epiy tuhky; ,Ug;gjw;F
6 yl;rj;Jf;F Nkyhd jkpo; kf;fis td;dpapy;
mbikahf itj;J ,Uf;fpd;whh;fs;.
XU r%fj;jpy; cs;s mjpfhur; r%fj;jpd; nray;g;ghLfs; jhd; KOr; r%fj;jpd; nray;g;ghl;bd; ntspg;ghlhf mikAk;. ,jw;F Clfq;fspd;
gq;fspg;G 100 rjtPjk; ,Uf;Fk;. Gjpa khw;wq;fs;
(gaq;futhjj;Jf;F vjpuhf tUk; NghJ) vw;gl;l
gpd; ,th;fis Mjupj;jth;fs; 100 rjtPjk; vjpuhfr; nray;g;gLthh;fs;. jhq;fs; jhd; kdpjhgpkhdj;ijf;
fhg;ghw;wpath;fs; vd;W Xyk; ,Lthh;fs;. (ve;jr; #o;epiyapYk; ,th;fs; mjpfhuj;jpd; gf;fk;jhd; rhu;e;J
-4-
nray;g;gLthh;fs;.) ,th;fs; md;iwa
rkhjhd tpUk;gpfis (kdpjhgpkhdpfs;) ,d;W JNuhfpfs; vd;W $Wthh;fs;. md;iwa gaq;futhjpfshd ,th;fs; ,d;iwa rkhjhd tpUk;gpfshf
Ntrk; NghLthh;fs;. (,th;fs; Kd;G nrayhw;wpa
rfy eltbf;iffisAk; kiwg;gjw;fhf)
MAjg;
ghtid epWj;jg;gl;lhy; ,th;fs; kj;jpapy;g; gpsTfs; vw;gLk;. mNj Ntisapy; khw;Wf; fUj;Jf; nfhz;l rpe;jidfSk; cUthFk;. ,itfisg; gyk; mila
tplhJ mth;fis [dehaf uPjpahfNth my;yJ MAj uPjpahfNth
mopf;fg; ghh;g;ghh;fs;. ,jw;F mr; r%fj;jpd;
kdpjg; gz;ghLfSk; jhd; %y fhuzkhf ,Uw;Fk;. ,jw;F rpq;fs kf;fs; MAjf;
fyhr;rhuj;ij Vw;fhky; tpl;likAk;> N[. Mh; hpd; Njhy;tp ey;y cjhuzkhFk;.
aho; r%fj;jpy; kype;J ,Ug;gJ <Nfh MFk;. (cyj;jpNyNa
aho;g;ghzj; jkpoh;fs; jhd; cau;e;jth;fs; vd;w vz;zf; fUj;ijf;
nfhz;lth;fshf ,Ug;gjhy;) cq;fs; rpe;jidfis tsh;g;gjw;Fr; rfyijAk; Nfs;tpf;F cs;g; gLj;Jq;fs;. gd;Kfj; jd;ikahfr; rpe;jpAq;fs;. ek; nray;g;ghLfs; r%f kf;fs; rhh;e;j
[dehafkhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. cq;fis ePq;fs; tsp elj;Jq;fs;. kw;wth;fs; cq;fs; kPJ rthup nra;tij
mDkjpahjph;fs;. kw;wth;fSila
rpe;jidfis KOikahf tpOq;fptplhjPh;fs;. ek;gpf;if mtrpak; ek;GtJ mtrpak; mw;wJ. vjpYk; khWjy;fs; Vw;gLk;. epiyahdJ vd;W xd;Wk; ,y;iy.
r%fk; rhu;e;j khWjy;fs; tsh;r;rpiaf; nfhLf;Fk;
,jdhy;j; jhd;
,f; fl;Liuia vOjpAs;Nsd;. thrpAq;fs;> Nfs;tp %yk; rpe;jpAq;fs;.